And how does the brain operate under chronic stress? Let’s look at this question from the perspective of the brain’s interconnected networks rather than simply looking at discrete parts of the brain, like the amygdala. Rather than focusing on a single structure, a network represents the complex connections that occur across multiple brain regions to communicate and share information that affect brain functions. Some regions are part of more than one network and play a role in different functions, making it extraordinarily complex and beyond the scope of this workshop.

One model of brain functioning is of interest to us, however. It’s been called the ‘triple network’ and is an important model for understanding cognitive and emotional functioning. The triple network is composed of the Default Network, which we’ve discussed, the Salience Network and Central Executive Network and all are interconnected.

In overly simple terms, here’s why these networks can help us understand the benefits of mindful awareness. Under stress, the default network is active, because we are clearly focused on the unpleasant or stressful circumstance. The salience network is also active, because these thoughts and feelings can be so sticky. It’s hard to get beyond what’s bothering us in that stressful state and switch to something more neutral, less triggering, or more task oriented. We also have trouble seeing other people’s point of view when they do something we don’t like. Finally, the central executive network that manages our attentional capacities and helps us focus on external events, like a task we need to do, is less effective under stressful circumstances.